International Journal of Changes in Education

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• Barr, A., Bird, K. A., & Castleman, B. L. (2021). The effect of reduced student loan borrowing on academic performance and default: Evidence from a loan counseling experiment. Journal of Public Economics, 202, 104493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2021.104493
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• Zhang, Q., & Kim, H. (2019). American young adults’ debt and psychological distress. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 40, 22–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-018-9605-4
• Montalto, C. P., Phillips, E. L., McDaniel, A., & Baker, A. R. (2019). College student financial wellness: Student loans and beyond. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 40(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-018-9593-4
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• Rosinger, K., Kelchen, R., Baker, D. J., Ortagus, J., & Lingo, M. D. (2022). State higher education funding during COVID-19: Lessons from prior recessions and implications for equity. AERA Open, 8(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/23328584221091277
• Barboza, G., Bongini, P., & Rossolini, M. (2021). Financial (il)literacy vs. individual’s behavior: Evidence on credit card repayment patterns. Financial Services Review, 29, 274–276. https://doi.org/1057-0810/21/$
• García, J. M., & Vila, J. (2020). Financial literacy is not enough: The role of nudging toward adequate long-term saving behavior. Journal of Business Research, 112, 472–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.061
• Lu, F., & Chatterjee, S. (2019). Financial socialization, financial education, and student loan debt. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 40(1), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-018-9589-0
• Lusardi, A. (2019). Financial literacy and the need for financial education: evidence and implications. Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 155(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41937-019-0027-5
• Caetano, G., Palacios, M., & Patrinos, H. A. (2019). Measuring aversion to debt: An experiment among student loan candidates. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 40, 117–131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-018-9601-8
• Baker, A. R., Andrews, B. D., & McDaniel, A. (2017). The impact of student loans on college access, completion, and returns. Sociology Compass, 11(6), e12480. https://doi.org/10.1111/soc4.12480
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• Walters, D., Erner, C., Fox, C., Scholten, M., Read, D., & Trepel, C. (2016). Debt aversion: Anomalous in theory, advantageous in practice. In P. Moreau & S. Puntonoi (Eds.), Advances in consumer research, Volume 44 (pp. 179–184). Association for Consumer Research.
• Martínez-Marquina, A., & Shi, M. (2024). The opportunity cost of debt aversion. American Economic Review, 114(4), 1140–1172. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20221509
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• Joanis, S., Burnley, J., & Mohundro, J. D. (2022). Social capital’s impact on college graduation rates, debt, and student loan defaults. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 24(2), 366–385. https://doi.org/10.1177/1521025120918879
• Johnson, C. L., Gutter, M., Xu, Y., Cho, S. H., & DeVaney, S. (2016). Perceived value of college as an investment in human and social capital: Views of Generations X and Y. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 45(2), 193–207. https://doi.org/10.1111/fcsr.12195
• Nuckols, W. L., Bullington, K. E., & Gregory, D. E. (2020). Was it worth it? Using student loans to finance a college degree. Higher Education Politics & Economics, 6(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.32674/hepe.v6i1.1358
• Velez, E., Cominole, M., & Bentz, A. (2019). Debt burden after college: The effect of student loan debt on graduates’ employment, additional schooling, family formation, and home ownership. Education Economics, 27(2), 186–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2018.1541167
• López, C. C. (2018). Measuring college value. Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 10(1–2), 159–172.
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• Penzar, E. C., Shea, M., & Edwards, C. N. (2021). College students’ academic achievement: Exploring the role of hope and academic self efficacy. International Dialogues on Education Journal, 8(1), 4–23. https://doi.org/10.53308/ide.v8i1.243
• Zerquera, D. D., McGowan, B. L., & Ferguson, T. L. (2016). Yes, no, maybe so: College students’ attitudes regarding debt. Journal of College Student Development, 57(5), 609–613. https://doi.org/10.1353/csd.2016.0067
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APA

Bullington, K. E., Thomas, D. J., Hou, M., Nuckols, W. L., Gregory, D. E., Howell, J. L., Bills, K. L., & Joaquim, A.-L. (2026). Debt Decisions: The Effects of Paying for College in the United States with Student Loans. International Journal of Changes in Education, 3(3), 269-280. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52023714

Vancouver

Bullington KE, Thomas DJ, Hou M, Nuckols WL, Gregory DE, Howell JL, et al. Debt Decisions: The Effects of Paying for College in the United States with Student Loans. International Journal of Changes in Education. 2026;3(3):269-80. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52023714

AMA

Bullington KE, Thomas DJ, Hou M, et al. Debt Decisions: The Effects of Paying for College in the United States with Student Loans. International Journal of Changes in Education. 2026;3(3), 269-280. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52023714

Chicago

Bullington, Kim E., David J. Thomas, Minghui Hou, William L. Nuckols, Dennis E. Gregory, Joshua L. Howell, Kaycee L. Bills, and Amy-Leah Joaquim. "Debt Decisions: The Effects of Paying for College in the United States with Student Loans". International Journal of Changes in Education 2026 3 no. 3 (2026): 269-280. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52023714

Harvard

Bullington, K. E., Thomas, D. J., Hou, M., Nuckols, W. L., Gregory, D. E., Howell, J. L., . . . Joaquim, A.-L. (2026). Debt Decisions: The Effects of Paying for College in the United States with Student Loans. International Journal of Changes in Education, 3(3), pp. 269-280. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52023714

MLA

Bullington, Kim E. et al. "Debt Decisions: The Effects of Paying for College in the United States with Student Loans". International Journal of Changes in Education, vol. 3, no. 3, 2026, pp. 269-280. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE52023714