Unexcused Absences and Failures: Dissecting the Variability in Course Credit Policies and Freshman Course Failure
Sarah Ruth Morris 1 * , Sarah McKenzie 2
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1 Department of Education Reform, University of Arkansas, USA2 Office for Education Policy, University of Arkansas, USA* Corresponding Author

Abstract

This policy analysis examines the implementation of A.C.A. 6-18-222, a statewide policy in Arkansas that addresses unexcused absences and the subsequent consequences for course credit among students. Utilizing anonymized student-level data from the 2020–21 and 2021–22 school years, which includes a total of 65,651 freshmen, the study investigates the variability in policy implementation across districts. It also examines the differing language used to dictate the consequences of exceeding unexcused absence thresholds. Our multivariate logistic regression models demonstrate that students eligible for Free and Reduced Lunch are notably more likely to fail a course after surpassing their district’s absence threshold. Moreover, the data reveal that upon reaching this threshold, students are significantly more likely to fail core courses as opposed to non-core courses. These findings illuminate the variations in local policy implementation and their impact on student academic outcomes, emphasizing the importance of uniform policy enforcement to ensure equitable educational opportunities.

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Article Type: Research Article

International Journal of Changes in Education, Volume 3, Issue 2, 2026, 125-138

https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42023078

Publication date: 01 Jul 2026

Online publication date: 22 Jul 2024

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